Simulations, Models, and Analogues

What are simulations, models, and analogues?
A simulation is a representation of an operation or enactment.  In class we simulated crystal structures by using coal, chemicals, and sponges.  Those products allowed enacted how a crystal forms over a period of a few days.

A model is a representation of an example for comparing an item or data.  In class we created models for mineral identifications. Another example of a model is a globe of the Earth to show what the Earth looks like.

Analogues are a group of chemical structures that are similar in structure but are different in element composition.  An example of this could be the different types of minerals and rocks, some share similar attributes but are made up of a different element compotsition.

What are some examples of models?
Some examples of models that deals with rocks and minerals are showing a class what some items are made up.  A teacher could hold up a pencil and ask what the lead if made up of.  The students then would answer graphite.  Other examples are pointing to drywall--gypsum, or even showing a picture of a milkshake and asking what mineral can be found in milkshakes--kaolinite. Some other models are having students build a rock using plaster-glue like solution, sand, and small pebbles to make a sandstone type of composition.  Then a student maybe able to have that rock for a long time.

*Igneous
Taking the ingredients for an oatmeal chocolate chip cookie and having the children label what types of minerals and compositions are in igneous rocks.
*Metamorphic
An example of a model for metamorphic rock is for students to melt crayons and mush them together.
*Sedimentary
An example of a sedimentary rock for children is by gluing bits and pieces of cereal together using marshmallows. (Rice Crispies)



Here is a list of some great websites that have wonderful ideas to create models and representations of rocks and minerals.
http://www.science-class.net/Geology/rocks_minerals.htm
http://www.proteacher.org/c/814_rocks_and_minerals.html
http://www.msnucleus.org/membership/html/k-6/rc/rocks/1/rcr1_1a.html
http://www.coreknowledge.org/mimik/mimik_uploads/lesson_plans/378/Rocks%20and%20Minerals.pdf
http://www.pcschools.us/woad-local/media/sciencemap/2nd_grade/2III3RockUses.pdf